Country research
Research on German manufacturing, external demand, infrastructure and the investment conditions supporting productive capacity.
Germany’s manufacturing structure makes the composition of foreign demand and production costs central to the growth assessment. Export market share, export volumes and domestic value added answer different questions. Research examines changes in product markets and production relationships before attributing an export movement to a single cost or policy.
Infrastructure investment connects federal, state, municipal and network-level decisions. Financing a project does not eliminate planning, procurement, construction or connection constraints. Germany also participates in the euro-area monetary framework, so domestic financing conditions reflect both common policy and national transmission.
| Research dimension | Measure | Interpretation |
|---|---|---|
| Manufacturing | Production and orders by industry | Separate orders, output, turnover and price movements. |
| Exports | Volumes, destinations and market shares | Identify the market denominator and the value-added content. |
| Infrastructure | Projects at planning, construction and operation stages | Avoid adding approvals to completed usable capacity. |
Bundesbank’s July 2025 decomposition of export market shares distinguishes destination and product demand from changes in revealed competitiveness. The manufacturing study examines that evidence without treating every export movement as the same shock. The infrastructure study uses the June 2026 network record to distinguish approved projects, construction and completed capacity.
Research Report
This report separates sector composition, capital intensity, and working time in transatlantic productivity comparisons. Official evidence and a reproducible decomposition show why differences within industries require closer examination before aggregate gaps support policy conclusions.
Read the analysisResearch Report
Industrial energy costs depend on reliable delivery, connection timing, and the production process. Four official records and original cost scenarios show how interruptions, backup, and delayed operation can change a location comparison.
Read the analysisResearch Report
Population projections do not directly determine labor input. Evidence from four economies and an exact accounting exercise separate demographic change from participation, employment, hours, migration, and the productivity improvements required to sustain output.
Read the analysis12 publications
Research Report
This report separates sector composition, capital intensity, and working time in transatlantic productivity comparisons. Official evidence and a reproducible decomposition show why differences within industries require closer examination before aggregate gaps support policy conclusions.
Research Report
Industrial energy costs depend on reliable delivery, connection timing, and the production process. Four official records and original cost scenarios show how interruptions, backup, and delayed operation can change a location comparison.
Research Report
Population projections do not directly determine labor input. Evidence from four economies and an exact accounting exercise separate demographic change from participation, employment, hours, migration, and the productivity improvements required to sustain output.
Economy Study
Germany's manufacturing exposure operates through final exports, intermediate suppliers, and industrial services. Bundesbank evidence on market-share losses supports distinguishing foreign demand, product composition, input costs, and broader competitiveness.
Economy Study
Germany's grid monitoring separates approval, construction, completion, and operation. These stages show why infrastructure spending supports industrial capital only when the required network service becomes available at the right site and time.
Policy Brief
Germany's infrastructure fund expands financing, but implementation depends on prepared projects and administrative capacity. The brief uses the fund's components and municipal survey evidence to distinguish legal additionality, realized construction, procurement constraints, and the operation of completed assets.
Policy Brief
Germany's temporary industrial electricity support redistributes costs through eligibility, compensation, public financing, and reinvestment conditions. The analysis distinguishes the supported price from the complete electricity bill and identifies what would establish additional industrial activity and investment.
Comparative Study
Factory construction and manufacturing investment cover different assets, firms and stages of completion. U.S. construction definitions and German investment statistics provide a basis for reconciling the measures before drawing conclusions about productive capacity.
Comparative Study
German and French industrial electricity exposure depends on the price delivered to a particular consumer, its procurement contracts and its production mix. Comparable official prices and separate cost decompositions show why generation statistics alone cannot establish competitiveness.
Comparative Study
Britain's fiscal charter and Germany's infrastructure special fund address different fiscal boundaries. A delivery-stage account separates borrowing authorization, contracts, disbursement, completed assets, and operating services, showing why additional funding and effective investment require separate assessment.
Comparative Study
Japanese manufacturing strategies and German training evidence highlight the interaction of automation, specialized skills, and supplier continuity. A production-line example shows how bottlenecks, maintenance knowledge, and quality determine whether investment preserves capability as the workforce ages.
Data Note
An industrial production index provides an early measure of activity but does not independently observe every component of manufacturing value added. An input-cost example identifies the evidence needed to reconcile the two measures.
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Browse economiesBrowse topicsWatch export composition, energy-intensive production, the delivery of transport and grid projects, and private capital formation. The effect of public financing depends on whether the relevant bottleneck is financial, administrative or physical.
The specific releases, tables and policy documents supporting the analysis are cited in the individual publications.