Research subject
Analysis of productive capacity, firm investment, industrial policy and the organization of supply.
A proposed project, a financing commitment, construction and commercial operation represent different stages of investment. Productive capacity also depends on complementary inputs, customers and operating conditions. Research follows these stages when evaluating investment claims or industrial support.
Public support can alter whether, where, when or how an investment occurs. These are distinct effects. A project announcement after a subsidy decision does not establish the investment that would otherwise have occurred.
Evaluation requires a defined counterfactual and an account of selection, timing and displacement. The report on industrial investment additionality develops the evidence needed to distinguish those effects.
Research Report
Public support may change whether, where or when an investment takes place. This report establishes the counterfactual evidence needed to distinguish additional investment from displacement, timing changes and projects that would have proceeded without support.
Read the analysisEconomy Study
Factory construction measures one stage and one class of industrial investment. The study reconciles construction expenditure, equipment, intellectual property and operating capacity, showing why a building boom cannot be read directly as manufacturing output.
Read the analysisEconomy Study
Germany's manufacturing exposure operates through final exports, intermediate suppliers, and industrial services. Bundesbank evidence on market-share losses supports distinguishing foreign demand, product composition, input costs, and broader competitiveness.
Read the analysis19 publications
Research Report
Public support may change whether, where or when an investment takes place. This report establishes the counterfactual evidence needed to distinguish additional investment from displacement, timing changes and projects that would have proceeded without support.
Economy Study
Factory construction measures one stage and one class of industrial investment. The study reconciles construction expenditure, equipment, intellectual property and operating capacity, showing why a building boom cannot be read directly as manufacturing output.
Economy Study
Germany's manufacturing exposure operates through final exports, intermediate suppliers, and industrial services. Bundesbank evidence on market-share losses supports distinguishing foreign demand, product composition, input costs, and broader competitiveness.
Economy Study
India's infrastructure investment creates productive capacity when transport, equipment, energy, and operating provision work together. Railway targets in the 2026–27 monitoring framework illustrate why financial allocations, physical assets, and usable services require separate assessment.
Economy Study
Korean technology exports generate uneven domestic effects across operating inputs, investment, and supplier capabilities. This study distinguishes export receipts from resident value added and identifies the evidence needed to establish a broader supplier recovery.
Economy Study
Indonesian mineral processing has changed industrial geography, but gross exports overstate the income available to residents. This study examines domestic content, supplier capabilities, public obligations, and the opportunity costs underlying a durable processing gain.
Economy Study
Vietnamese public investment supports production only when construction becomes reliable infrastructure service. This study uses a specific project record to distinguish financial execution, land readiness, network connections, and operational capacity.
Policy Brief
Semiconductor award conditions determine when support becomes available and what completion means. The original funding framework and subsequent documented amendments show why awards, disbursements, eligible costs, and operating capacity require separate assessment.
Policy Brief
Domestic-content rules differ between federal procurement and infrastructure assistance. Comparing the governing standards shows how thresholds, cost definitions, delivery dates, and procurement design influence competition, supplier investment, and the capability actually created.
Policy Brief
India’s production-linked electronics support rewards specified incremental sales, which differ from additional domestic income. This brief examines the administrative baseline, imported inputs, and counterfactual evidence needed to evaluate the policy’s economic contribution.
Policy Brief
Korean semiconductor incentives reach suppliers through direct support, infrastructure, research, and producer procurement. This brief distinguishes those channels and identifies the commercial evidence needed to establish durable supplier capabilities and additional income.
Policy Brief
Vietnam’s public-investment acceleration measures target different administrative and financial stages. This brief examines plan revisions, project obstacles, payment timing, and operational service to distinguish faster delivery from a higher disbursement ratio.
Comparative Study
Factory construction and manufacturing investment cover different assets, firms and stages of completion. U.S. construction definitions and German investment statistics provide a basis for reconciling the measures before drawing conclusions about productive capacity.
Comparative Study
Infrastructure coordination and resource processing expand industry through different mechanisms. Indian planning evidence and Indonesia’s downstream strategy are compared through complementary inputs, domestic value creation and explicit project accounts rather than export or construction totals alone.
Comparative Study
Japanese manufacturing strategies and German training evidence highlight the interaction of automation, specialized skills, and supplier continuity. A production-line example shows how bottlenecks, maintenance knowledge, and quality determine whether investment preserves capability as the workforce ages.
Data Note
An industrial production index provides an early measure of activity but does not independently observe every component of manufacturing value added. An input-cost example identifies the evidence needed to reconcile the two measures.
Data Note
A higher semiconductor share in export revenue may reflect relative prices rather than greater physical specialization. A two-product calculation separates value concentration, quantity exposure and the interpretation of a technology cycle.
Data Note
Processing exports must be reconciled with imported intermediates and domestic production costs before they indicate local value added. An explicit accounting bridge distinguishes export receipts, supplier purchases and income retained by residents.
Economic Explainer
Installed capacity, actual production and economically sustainable output measure different constraints. A plant-level example separates engineering limits, operating schedules and commercial conditions before interpreting capacity utilization or announced industrial investment.
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Browse economiesBrowse topicsA concentrated supply chain can reflect scale, specialization or a constraint in a critical input. Supplier counts alone do not establish substitutability. Qualification, transport, tooling, intellectual property and the time needed to expand output determine the practical response to a disruption.
Industrial decisions affect trade and investment, public finance and energy infrastructure. Research examines these interactions at the level required by the question, rather than adding unrelated policy objectives to an investment assessment.